Explosive-engine.



M. C. KBSSLER.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLICATION HLBD APRI?. 1908. BENEWBD'JAN. 21. 191s.

1,070,1 39. Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

g-IIIIIIII M. C. KESSLER.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16. 1908. RPNBWBD JAN. 21. 1913.

1,0701 39, Patented Aug. 12, 191.3.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

in explosive engines, and to means for-scavenging and augmenting 1n UNITED STATES PATENT oEEioE.

MARTIN c. KEssLEa, or DENVER, coronario, asientan Te THE xEssLER. MOTOR' COMPANY, oF DENVER, ooLeRADo.

ExPLos'IvE-NG.

Specification of Letters Patent'.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

applieationmea prix 1e, um, serial Ng. 427,422; nneweaaasear 21, 1am. serial Nb. 743,419.

.of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement more particularly four-cycle internal combustion engines.

In my Patent No. 867 ,279,"- of October 1, 1907a system of air .compression and control Was s et forth whereby the crank Case or equivalent compression chamber of the engine, was utilized to receive a char' e of air which was compressed therein by t e iristroke of the piston and liberated by the piston at the conclusion of each alternate instroke for scavenging the entire cubic area" of the` cylinder, 'and the airA compressed in the -cnk case by the remaining instrokes was controllable by suitable valve mecha nism for augmenting and-increasing the ex'- plosive charge intiatory to the immediately succeeding explosion. In all explosive. en?

gines of this type, there remains a clearance space between the o'uter end `of the piston and the corresponding end of the cylinder at the termination of the oiltstroke tif the pisf to'n, and as the piston itselfkdisplaees all but this limited area in thecylinder, the most complete and .effectual scavenging of exhaust charge can be accomplished by merely sweeping the gases from this clearance space during` the momentary interval of time that the piston remains at this extreme position of .its outstroke, as contra-distin-- guished from sweeping the entire cylinder. Furthermore, and of no less importance 'is the fact that with-this limited clearance space to be swept, acorrespondingly less amount of air is required to expel the eX- haust, it requiring less time to' accomplish it, and the result is a perfect ventilation and consequently a much smaller air compression means is required than otherwise to accomplish the required results.

This brings me to the object of my present invention which is to provide a simple and economical means of increasing' th'e power, eiiiciency, and cooling of four-cycle internal combustion engines by using a compression means such as a pressure blower for instance, to scavenge the products of combustion from the clearance space of the cylinder which is Y struction and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and lpointed out in the c1aims-- In the accompanying drawings :-'Figurc 1 is a vertieal section through my improved engine.- .Fig 2 isan elevation at right. ang'les to the view shown in1 Fig. 1, the parts broken away. Figs. 3 and 4 are details.

In the drawings, the numeral l represents the cylinder, and 2 is a' piston connected to the crank pin 25 by the connecting rod 26111 t-lre usual manner. The exhaust from the clearance space of theA combustion chamber is' eoiitrolied b'y the exhaust valve 27, which valve is'norrrially' seated by the spring 28,

and this valve is opened .at predetermined 'intervals b the cam 9 on shaft 29, strikin the lower -shaped end of the push rod l Theintke valve 4 is preferably of similar constraint-ion, andlsimilarly operated by a p'sli rod 11 Athrough a cani 8 on the shaft 3. These two shafts 29 and 30 turn at the same speed in the same direction as indicated by ,the arrows, they .being actuated through gear wheels, (not shown) from a' pinion on the main crank shaft 25.

ir from the blower 18 is discharged through a. port controlled by a valve ,5,J and valve 5 may be operated in any approved manner, as for instancey through the rod 16 anti the lever 31, which latter unseats valve 5 when the rod 16is` raised. This valve 5 is invariably open at the conclusion vo each outstroke of the piston following anexplosio'n, and as a' result the combustion space is instantaneously swept of the burnt gases at the moment its minimum area and capacit-y is reached, ythereby resulting in an eco-nomical expenditure of air, and a rapid and effectual sweepingy of the combustion or clearance space of the cylinder. At these regular intervals, approximately at the conclusion of the alternate outward strokes of the piston, the valve 5 is unseated by the push rod y 12 engaging the head on the lower end of the rod 16 through the medium of the cam 6 on the shaft' 30.

In addition to the scavenging of the engine, the valve 5 of my present invention is controllable fo'r augmenting the supply of air to the cylinder, and the valve is rendered controllable at these periods by any approved method for this purpose. Of many which might be adopted, I have illustrated but one means to accomplish this, and it consists of a push rod 13 beneath the head on the lower end of rod 16 with its lower end in the path of the cam 7 on the shaft 30. The u )per end of this push rod 13 is screwthreaded and an internally screw-threaded pinion 15 is mounted thereon and confined at the top of the guide-way 32. The teeth of this pinion 15 are engaged by a slidable rack 14 which rack is within the control of the operator to move back and forth as occasion requires, that is to say, when more or less air is to be admitted for augmenting purposes, As more air is injected, a greater supply of fuel is desirable, and consequently the link 17 is provided. This extends from the rack 14 to a lever 33 on the needle valve of the carbureter so that as more air is admitted, the needle is correspondingly opened, and vice versa.

So far as the various expedients are concerned for carrying out the idea of this linvention, it is not my intention to limit myselfl to any particular form of valve or valve controlling mechanism, the main idea being the control and discharge of the air from a compression source at the period of minimum capacity of the combustion or clearance space for scavenging purposes for prompt and eii'ectual sweeping of this space as well as economy in the use of compressed air for accomplishing the clearing out of this space, and furthermore, the use of a supply of this air from the same source for increasing the charge, it being understood that the drawings are merely an illustration of one of a number of possible mechanisms for carrying out the idea of this invention. In other words,'in my presentv engine, I therefore propose to introduce air from said compression means through a valve suitablyv located in the combustionchamber and operatedto blow out the burnt ygases and to be controlled at will to augment 4the normal charge.

In operation, it will be lreadily seen by reference to Fig. 1, that the exhaust valve 3 is still open and that' fresh air from the blower is blowing through the port controlled by valve 5, and sweeping the-combustion chamber of its burnt gases and leaving the chamber full of pure air. Then as piston 2 moves downwardly, on the intake stroke, the valve 5 is Closed, and the intake Valve 4 is opened, and the engine receives its normal charge, and is controlled by the throttle according to the power desired until the throttle has reached its Greatest opening.

that itmay come in contact with cam `7 on shaft 3() which operates at approximately the end of the intake stroke, and in this way rod 16 operates valve 5, and an extra volume of air is forced into the cylinder, said volume being controlled according to the length of rod 13, and while this is being done, the means is` operated for maintaining the proper mixture by rod 17 which is connected to rack 14 as well as to the needle valve of the carbureter or mixing device. The air from the blower may be cut ofi' by turning the butteriy valve 35.

Various more or less slight changes might be resorted to as I have hitherto indicated, without departure from the spirit and scope of my invention, and hence I do not wish to limit myself to the exact construction herein set forth, but:-

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is z- 1. In an explosive engine, ordinary means fo,^ introducing air and adjustable means for introducing air under pressure into the cylinder at the explosion end approximately at the termination of the intake stroke to augment the normal intake charge, and means for introducing air into the cylinder approximately at the end of the exhaust ystroke to scavenge or sweep out the remaining burnt gases.

Q. In an explosive engine, means for introducingI air under pressure .into the cylinder at the explosion end 'approximately at the termination of the intake stroke to augment and in addition to the normal intake charge, and means for introducing air into the cylinder from the same source approximately at the end of the exhaust stroke to scavenge or sweep out the remaining burnt gases.

In testimony whereof I altix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARTIN C. KESSLER.

Witnesses:

Louisa L. KEssLER, H. C. BRooKs, Jr.

Then the rack 14 is shifted which ros" 'tates pinion 15, and lengthens push rod 13 

